Izina ry'ibikoresho: Fibre ya Aramid
Ahantu ho Gusaba
Fibre ya Aramid ni ubwoko bushya bwa fibre ikoze mu buryo bugezweho, ifite imbaraga nyinshi cyane, irwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi kandi irwanya aside na alkali, ifite uburemere bworoheje, ifite imiterere myiza, nko gukuba inshuro 5 ~ 6 z'insinga z'icyuma ku mbaraga zayo, modulus y'insinga z'icyuma cyangwa ikirahure cya fibre inshuro 2 ~ 3, gukomera ni inshuro 2 z'insinga, kandi uburemere ni hafi 1/5 cy'insinga z'icyuma, ubushyuhe bwa dogere 560, ntuvunike, ntushonge.
Ifite ubushobozi bwo kubungabunga ibidukikije no kurwanya gusaza, kandi iramba. Ivumburwa rya fibre ya aramide rifatwa nk'igikorwa cy'ingenzi cyane mu mateka mu isi y'ibintu.
Fibre ya Aramid ni ibikoresho by'ingenzi bya gisirikare mu kurinda igihugu. Kugira ngo ihuze n'ibyo intambara ya none ikeneye, ubu, amakoti adapfa amasasu yo mu bihugu byateye imbere nka Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika n'Ubwongereza akozwe muri fibre ya aramid. Ubushobozi bworoshye bw'amakoti n'ingofero bidapfa amasasu bya aramid byongera ubushobozi bwo guhangana vuba no kwica kw'ingabo za gisirikare. Mu ntambara yo mu kigobe cy'i Gofu, indege z'Abanyamerika n'Abafaransa zakoresheje ibikoresho byinshi bya aramid. Uretse ikoreshwa rya gisirikare, nk'ibikoresho bya fibre bigezweho byakoreshejwe cyane mu by'indege, imashini n'amashanyarazi, ubwubatsi, imodoka, ibikoresho bya siporo n'ibindi bice by'ubukungu bw'igihugu. Mu bijyanye n'indege n'ikirere, fibre ya aramid izigama ingufu nyinshi kubera uburemere bwayo bworoshye n'imbaraga nyinshi. Dukurikije amakuru mpuzamahanga, mu gihe cyo gutangiza ibyogajuru, buri kugabanya ibiro bya kilometero 1 bivuze kugabanya ikiguzi cya miliyoni imwe y'amadolari y'Amerika. Byongeye kandi, iterambere ryihuse rya siyansi n'ikoranabuhanga ririmo gufungura ahantu hashya ha gisivili kuri Aramid. Bivugwa ko ubu, hafi 7 ~ 8% by'ibicuruzwa bya aramid bikoreshwa mu makoti ya flak, ingofero, nibindi, naho hafi 40% bikoreshwa mu bikoresho by'indege n'ibikoresho bya siporo. Ibikoresho by'amapine, imikandara yo gutwara ibintu n'ibindi bice bigera kuri 20%, n'umugozi ukomeye cyane n'ibindi bice bigera kuri 13%.
Ubwoko n'Imikorere ya fibre ya Aramid: fibre ya Para-Aramid (PPTA) na fibre interaromatic amide (PMIA)
Nyuma y’iterambere ryiza n’inganda za fibre ya aramide na DuPont mu myaka ya 1960, mu myaka irenga 30, fibre ya aramide yanyuze mu nzira yo kuva ku bikoresho bya gisirikare bijya ku bikoresho bya gisivili, kandi igiciro cyayo cyagabanutseho hafi kimwe cya kabiri. Kuri ubu, fibre za aramide zo mu mahanga zirimo gukura haba mu bushakashatsi no mu iterambere ndetse no mu musaruro. Mu rwego rwo gukora fibre ya aramide, fibre ya para aramide niyo ikura vuba, aho ubushobozi bwayo bwo kuyikora bwibanda cyane cyane mu Buyapani, muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika no mu Burayi. Urugero, Kevlar yo muri dupont, fibre ya Twaron yo muri Akzo Nobel (yahujwe na Teren), fibre ya Technora yo muri TeREN yo mu Buyapani, fibre ya Terlon yo mu Burusiya, n'ibindi.
Hari Nomex, Conex, Fenelon fiber n'ibindi. Dupont yo muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika ni umuhanga mu iterambere rya aramid. Iza ku mwanya wa mbere ku isi mu bushakashatsi no guteza imbere ibicuruzwa bishya, amategeko agenga umusaruro ndetse n'isoko. Kuri ubu, imigozi yayo ya Kevlar ifite ibirango birenga 10, nka Kevlar 1 49 na Kevlar 29, kandi buri kirango gifite ibisobanuro byinshi. Dupont yatangaje umwaka ushize ko izagura ubushobozi bwayo bwo gukora Kevlar, kandi umushinga wo kwagura uteganijwe kurangira mu mpera z'uyu mwaka. Ntibitangaje ko ibigo bizwi cyane bitunganya aramid nka Di Ren na Hearst byaguze umusaruro cyangwa bifatanyije, kandi bishakisha isoko cyane, byizeye kuba imbaraga nshya muri uru rwego rw'izuba.
Isosiyete yo mu Budage ya Acordis iherutse gukora ibikoresho bya Twaron (Twaron) bifite imikorere myiza cyane, bitashya cyangwa ngo bishonge, kandi bifite imbaraga nyinshi kandi birwanya cyane gukata, ahanini bikoreshwa mu gukora imyenda ipfutse cyangwa idapfutse, ibikoresho biboshye n'ibikoresho byo guteka hamwe n'ibindi bikoresho birwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi n'ibicanwa by'ubwoko bwose bw'imyenda n'imyenda. Uburemere bwa Twaron buto cyane ni 60% gusa by'ubwo arylon ikoreshwa mu myenda y'umutekano mu kazi, kandi ishobora gukoreshwa mu gukora uturindantoki. · Ubushobozi bwayo bwo kurwanya gukata bushobora kongerwaho 10%. Ishobora gukoreshwa mu gukora imyenda iboshye n'ibikoresho biboshye, ifite intoki zoroshye kandi ikoreshwa neza. Uturindantoki twa Twaron dukoreshwa cyane cyane mu nganda zikora imodoka, ikirahure n'inganda zikora ibice by'icyuma. Ishobora kandi gukoreshwa mu nganda z'amashyamba mu gukora ibikoresho birinda amaguru no gutanga ibikoresho birwanya kwangirika mu nganda zitwara abantu n'ibintu.
Umutungo wa Twaron ugabanya inkongi ushobora gukoreshwa mu guha itsinda ry’abazimya inkongi imyenda yo kuzimya inkongi n’amashuka yo mu bwoko bwa felt, ndetse n’amashami ashinzwe ibikorwa by’ubushyuhe bwinshi nko gusukamo ibikoresho, itanura, uruganda rw’ibirahure, nibindi, ndetse no gukora ibikoresho byo gupfuka inkongi ku ntebe z’indege. Iyi fibre ifite ubushobozi bwo gukora neza ishobora kandi gukoreshwa mu gukora amapine y’imodoka, imiyoboro ikonjesha, umukandara wa V n’izindi mashini, insinga za fibre optique n’amakoti adakingira amasasu n’ibindi bikoresho byo kurinda, ariko kandi ishobora gusimbura asbestos nk’ibikoresho byo gukurura no gufunga.
Ubusabe bw'Isoko
Dukurikije imibare, igikenewe ku isi cyose cya fibre ya aramide ni toni 360.000 ku mwaka mu 2001, kandi kizagera kuri toni 500.000 ku mwaka mu 2005. Igikenewe ku isi hose cya fibre ya aramide kirimo kwiyongera buri gihe, kandi fibre ya aramide, nk'umunyu mushya utanga umusaruro mwiza, yinjiye mu gihe cy'iterambere ryihuse.
Amabara Rusange ya Aramid Fiber
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-14-2022
